Chordata · chordates

Razorbill

Alca torda

Alcidae · auks & puffinsIUCN: Least Concern
Razorbill
Photo: neekoh.fi · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons · resized

A black-and-white auk with a thick, blade-like bill. It winters off the Northeast.

Fun factIt is the closest living relative of the extinct great auk.

Waters
Northeast US, Northwest Atlantic, Northeast Atlantic
Depth zone
Open-ocean surface waters, Coastal shallows & estuaries
Diet
Small fish
Size
About 40 cm

Classification

Chordata › Reptilia › Charadriiformes › Alcidae

  1. Kingdom Animalia animals
    • Many-celled organisms that eat other living things for energy (heterotrophs)
    • Cells have no cell walls
    • Most can move at some stage of life
  2. Clade Bilateria bilateral animals
    • Body has a left and right side that mirror each other (bilateral symmetry)
    • Head end with concentrated nerves; three tissue layers
    • Includes about 99% of all living animal species
  3. Clade Deuterostomia deuterostomes
    • In the embryo, the first opening becomes the anus and the mouth forms second
    • Includes echinoderms and chordates
  4. Phylum Chordata chordates
    • At some stage of life: a stiffening rod along the back (notochord)
    • A hollow nerve cord along the back (dorsal)
    • Slits in the throat (pharyngeal slits) and a tail past the anus
  5. Subphylum Vertebrata vertebrates
    • A skull (cranium) protecting a brain
    • Backbone or similar support around the nerve cord
    • Includes fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals
  6. Infraphylum Gnathostomata jawed vertebrates
    • Jawed vertebrates: jaws formed from gill arches
    • Paired fins or limbs
    • Includes all fishes except hagfish and lampreys, plus all tetrapods
  7. Superclass Osteichthyes bony vertebrates
    • Bony vertebrates: skeleton made largely of bone
    • Most have a lung or swim bladder
    • Includes ray-finned and lobe-finned fishes and all tetrapods
  8. Clade Sarcopterygii lobe-finned vertebrates
    • Lobe-finned: fleshy fins with bones like those of limbs
    • Includes coelacanths, lungfishes, and all tetrapods
  9. Clade Tetrapoda four-limbed vertebrates
    • Four limbs with fingers and toes (or descended from animals that had them)
    • Breathe air with lungs
  10. Class Reptilia reptiles (birds included)
    • Scaly skin made of keratin
    • Lay shelled eggs on land or carry eggs inside the body (amniotic egg)
    • In modern classification this group includes birds
  11. Clade Archosauria crocodilians & birds
    • Includes crocodilians, birds, and extinct dinosaurs and pterosaurs
    • Birds and crocodilians share a four-chambered heart and a muscular gizzard
  12. Class Aves birds
    • Birds: feathers
    • Toothless beak
    • Lay hard-shelled eggs; warm-blooded
  13. Order Charadriiformes shorebirds, gulls & auks
    • Shorebirds, gulls, terns, and auks
    • Most live along coasts; many migrate long distances
  14. Family Alcidae auks & puffins
    • Auks: black-and-white seabirds that 'fly' underwater with their wings
    • The Northern Hemisphere's version of penguins
  15. Genus Alca
    • Species in the same genus are very close relatives and often look alike.
  16. Species Alca torda Razorbill

Closest relatives in the guide